Among the obligations of any Egyptian ruler was the development of stupendous structure tasks to respect the divine beings and save the memory of their rules forever. These structure projects were not only some gaudy signal with respect to the ruler to mollify the self image however were vital to the establishment and improvement of a bound together state. Building projects guaranteed work for the laborer ranchers during the time of the Nile’s immersion, empowered solidarity through an aggregate exertion, pride in one’s commitment to the undertaking, and gave potential open doors to the declaration of ma’at (congruity/balance), the focal worth of the way of life, through collective – and public – exertion.

In spite of the view so frequently held, the extraordinary landmarks of Egypt were not worked by Hebrew slaves nor by slave work of any sort. Gifted and untalented Egyptian laborers fabricated the castles, sanctuaries, pyramids, landmarks, and raised the monoliths as paid specialists. From the time of the Old Realm of Egypt (c. 2613-2181 BCE) through the New Realm (c. 1570 – c. 1069 BCE) and, less significantly, from the Third Transitional Period (c. 1069-525) through the Ptolemaic Administration (323-30 BCE) the extraordinary leaders of Egypt made probably the most noteworthy urban areas, sanctuaries, and landmarks on the planet and these were totally made by aggregate Egyptian exertion.

There are numerous instances of these extraordinary landmarks and sanctuaries all through Egypt from the pyramid complex at Giza in the north to the sanctuary at Karnak in the south. Among these, the funeral home sanctuary of Sovereign Hatshepsut (1479-1458 BCE) at Deir el-Bahri stands apart as one of the most amazing.

Since the most old times, Dendera probably had a safe-haven, which was obliterated and revamped a few times; nonetheless, the current complex dates from the late Ptolemaic and Roman time frames. This makes sense of the commonness of a grandly picturesque style, less serious than that of the most established Egyptian sanctuaries, obviously clear in this lithograph, which shows the inside of the first hypostyle room, a wonderful chamber north of 80 feet down, highlighting 18 colossal segments covered with bas-reliefs.

The sanctuaries of Dendera doesn’t include the arch generally present in hallowed Egyptian design; the front of the structure is shaped by a huge construction estimating 139 feet wide by 60 feet high, with six sections on the façade on which a great molding rests. The intercolumniations are involved similarly as the mostly up by boards covered with hieroglyphic texts and bas-reliefs, while the entry opens in the middle, shaping a high, void space more extensive than the nearby ones.

Inside, 18 additional sections stand in three columns; every one of the capitals imitated the highlights of the benefactor goddess of the spot. As it is higher than the remainder of the sanctuary, this hypostyle room, added under Tiberius, somewhat goes about as the missing Arch.

Sanctuaries OF DANDARA
The sanctuary of Dendera, worked by Ptolemy IX SoterII, remains in a tremendous region limited by a mass of air-dried blocks, on the whole destroyed, whose sides are somewhere in the range of 925 and 990 feet in length; on the north and east sides are two brilliant entrances worked during the time of Roman rule. Aside from the extraordinary asylum, a few remarkable landmarks stand in the holy nook. Not a long way from the back façade of the extraordinary sanctuary are the gravely harmed stays of a little safe-haven committed to the introduction of Isis; the enduring reliefs depict Nut, goddess of the sky, conceiving an offspring while at the same time sitting on a stool as per the old nearby custom.

Close by, toward the west, is a profound rectangular empty encased by a limit wall; this is all that remaining parts of the consecrated lake ordinary of every Egyptian safe-haven, where the clerics needed to play out their ceremonial ablutions a few times each day. The most fascinating remaining parts, including a well, a sanatorium dating from the Roman time frame, a Coptic church and two mammisi, one Ptolemaic and the other Roman, are dissipated along the western wall and in the northwest corner of the Sanctuary of Hathor.

MAMMISI(PHARAOHS’ BIRTH Sanctuary)
Mammisi, whose name implies birth sanctuary, are little sanctuaries common of the Early Time frame in which the pharaohs’ youngsters were regarded on the guise of venerating the introduction of the divine beings. Their kids, viewed as on a standard with living divinities, must be brought into the world inside the holy regions of the sanctuary. The main structure of this lord was raised at Dendera by Nectanebo I somewhere in the range of 378 and 360 BC, while the adjoining one was worked by the request for Augustus.

The Sanctuary of Seti in Abydos (300 miles south of Cairo) was built by Seti I and his child, Rameses II. Seti was a pharaoh of Egypt in the Nineteenth Tradition, administering from 1290-1279 BCE. Seti not just opened mines and remade harmed sanctuaries, he likewise proceeded with the development on the hypostyle corridor of Karnak. Ramses II was the third pharaoh of the Nineteenth Administration and had the second longest reign in Egypt, administering from 1279-1213 BCE. It is to a great extent accepted Seti fabricated the actual sanctuary, while Ramses finished the enrichments, the encompassing yards, and different works.

The sacrosanct city of Abydos was the site of numerous old sanctuaries and was the entombment place for the main rulers of a brought together Egypt. Close by there was likewise a predynastic burial ground with many graves.

The “L” molded Sanctuary of Seti had a porch, different courts and chambers, two arches, as well as seven houses of prayer. The sanctuary is made of white limestone and every church is roofed with level corbelling sections improved with illustrious cartouches and stars. These churches were committed to Seti I, Osiris, Isis, Ptah-Sokar, Nefertem, Ra-Horakhty, Amun, and Horus. Every church was beautified with petitions to every particular god. For instance, the Horus hallowed place had a hawk conveying the timeless image, the shen, painted on the walls.

It is said that Seti’s stone reliefs are probably the best and most point by point in any Egyptian sanctuary found. A couple of prominent pictures in the sanctuary are Seti before Osiris as he pours drinks to the gods and the picture of Ramses and Seti roping a bull.

In a passage in the sanctuary there is an engraving on the wall known as the Abydos Ruler Rundown. This rundown names the main pharaohs, as per Seti. There are a sum of 76 pharaohs on the rundown. It overlooks the names of numerous previous pharaohs who were obviously viewed as ill-conceived by Seti, like Hatshepsut, Akhnaton, Smenkhkare, Tutankhamun, and Ay. The rundown is a vital reference for students of history.

The rundown begins with Menes (presumably a similar individual as Narmer) and closes with Seti. Menes was the pioneer behind the Main Administration and administered until his passing at some point around 3000 BCE. Seti controlled during the New Realm until his passing in 1279 BCE. The rundown subsequently records more than 1,600 years of history, despite the fact that for certain exclusions. This Ruler Rundown is one of just ten tracked down in Egypt.

Associated with Seti’s Sanctuary is the Osirion, a perplexing underground chamber associated with the Nile, designed from tremendous blocks of stone. Its date of development and object are still being scrutinized.

Karnak, town situated in Al-Uqṣur muḥāfaẓah (governorate), Upper Egypt, which has given its name toward the northern portion of the remnants of Thebes on the east bank of the Nile Waterway, including the remains of the Incomparable Sanctuary of Amon. Karnak and different areas of old Thebes — including Luxor, the Valley of the Lords, and the Valley of the Sovereigns — were all in all assigned an UNESCO World Legacy site in 1979.

Head out down the Nile to find significant old Egyptian social destinations like the Pyramids of Giza

A conversation of probably the main locales related with old Egypt.

Unearthings in the twentieth century pushed the historical backdrop of the site back to the Gerzean time frame (c. 3400-c. 3100 BCE), when a little settlement was established on the wide eastern bank of the Nile floodplain. Karnak contains the northern gathering of the Theban city sanctuaries, brought in old times Ipet-Isut, “Picked of Spots.” The remnants cover an extensive region and are as yet great, however there is no trace of the houses, royal residences, and nurseries that probably encircled the sanctuary area in old times. The most northerly sanctuary is the Sanctuary of Mont, the conflict god, of which little currently remains yet the establishments. The southern sanctuary, which has a horseshoe-formed hallowed lake, was committed to the goddess Mut, spouse of Amon; this likewise is highly demolished. The two sanctuaries were worked during the rule of Amenhotep III (1390-53), whose draftsman was remembered by sculptures in the Sanctuary of Mut.

Between these two areas lay the biggest sanctuary complex in Egypt, and one of the biggest on the planet, the extraordinary metropolitan sanctuary of the state god, Amon-Re. The complex was added to and modified at numerous periods and, in outcome, misses the mark on deliberate arrangement. It has been known as an extraordinary verifiable record in stone: in it are mirrored the fluctuating fortunes of the Egyptian domain. There could be no less than 10 arches, isolated by courts and corridors and these days numbered for accommodation, number one being the most recent expansion. Arches one through six structure the fundamental east-west hub driving toward the Nile. The seventh and eighth arches were raised in the fifteenth century BCE by Thutmose III and Sovereign Hatshepsut, separately, and the 10th and tenth during Horemheb’s rule (1319-1292). These arches framed a progression of processional doors at right points to the primary pivot, connecting the sanctuary with that of Mut toward the south and, farther, via the road of sphinxes, with the sanctuary at Luxor 2 miles (3 km) away.

There are not many surviving hints of the first Center Realm (1938-c. 1630 BCE) sanctuary save a little celebration place of worship of Sesostris I (ruled 1908-1875), presently recreated from sections tracked down inside the third arch. Toward the start of the New Realm (c. 1539-1075 BCE), Thutmose I (ruled 1493-c. 1482) encased this twelfth administration (1938-c. 1756 BCE) sanctuary with a stone wall and fronted it with two arches (the fourth and fifth), raising two monoliths before the new sanctuary exterior. His child, Thutmose II (ruled 1482-79), added an expansive celebration court before the extended sanctuary as well as one more sets of pillars. Hatshepsut then, at that point, embedded a quartzite bark sanctum committed to Amon in the focal point of the sanctuary, as well as two extra sets of pillars, one of which actually stands. In the rule of Thutmose III (1479-26) the sanctuary was extraordinarily developed; besides the fact that he added to the current designs and add an arch (the 6th) and pillared courts containing corridors in which he engraved the chronicles of his missions, however he likewise worked toward the east of the Center Realm region a cross over sanctuary as a celebration structure. On the walls of one of the back rooms of this sanctuary is cut a sort of pictorial list of the extraordinary creatures and plants he had brought back from Asia in the 25th year of his rule. Different increments were made by his replacements. Amenhotep III chose to destroy the celebration court, working in its stead the monster third arch, filled to a great extent with blocks from the destroyed designs. His child, Akhenaton (ruled 1353-36), fabricated a few enormous outdoors sanctuaries around the fringe of Karnak to pay tribute to his inclined toward divinity, the Aton, which were all later destroyed following the reclamation of the faction of Amon; talatat (little sandstone impedes that had been utilized in the development of the Aton sanctuaries) were utilized as development fill for the second, 10th, and tenth arches, raised by Horemheb.

The most striking component of the sanctuary at Karnak is the hypostyle corridor, which consumes the space between the third and second arches. The region of this tremendous lobby, one of the miracles of ancient times, is around 54,000 square feet (5,000 square meters). It was brightened by Seti I (ruled 1290-79) and Ramses II (ruled 1279-13), to whom a significant part of the development should be expected. Twelve huge segments, almost 80 feet (24 meters) high, upheld the material pieces of the focal nave over the level of the rest so that light and air could enter through a clerestory. Seven horizontal paths on either side carried the quantity of points of support to 134. Authentic reliefs on the external walls show the triumphs of Seti in Palestine and Ramses II overcoming the Hittites at the Skirmish of Kadesh.

Ramses III (ruled 1187-56) constructed a little sanctuary to Amon outside the Ramesside arch opposite a triple sanctum raised by Seti II (ruled 1204-1198). The Bubastite Door at the southeast corner of this court recognizes the triumphs won by Sheshonk I (ruled 945-924), the scriptural Shishak, in Palestine. The Kushite (Nubian) pharaoh Taharqa (ruled 690-664) raised a tall corridor, of which one support point actually stands. The more modest landmarks were consequently encased by the expansion of a huge court, likely started during the Late Time frame (664-332 BCE), fronted by the enormous first arch, an aggressive undertaking that was rarely finished. Past it a road of sphinxes — set up generally by Amenhotep III and usurped by Ramses II — prompts the quayside.

Built north of many years by Amenhotep III, Ramses II, Tutankhamun, and different pharaohs, Luxor Temple was the biggest and most huge strict focus in old Egypt. In what was then Thebes, Luxor Temple was “the spot of the Primary Event,” where the god Amon experienced resurrection during the pharaoh’s every year reenacted crowning liturgy service. Today, stays of this huge complex incorporate the epic Incredible Corridor Lobby, very nearly 61 meters in length, with 28 21 foot-high segments, its beautification generally attempted by Tutankhamun around 1330 B.C. A considerable lot of the Temple’s sidewalls were destroyed after the hour of the pharaohs and reused for building materials.

Life-size Sovereign Nefertari sculpture recuperated
Before unearthing during the 1960s, the Temple’s sandstone sections were in direct contact with salt-loaded groundwater that filtered into the stone. After exhuming, openness to changes in mugginess assembled these salts and sped up decay. Somewhere in the range of 2001 and 2007, World Landmarks Asset coordinated an award from the Robert W. Wilson Challenge to Save Our Legacy to the protection of Luxor Temple. North of 1,000 disintegrating blocks and engraved wall sections went through combination and treatment, which captured their rot and took into consideration beginning phases of recreation.

An external segment of the eastern mass of the Corridor Lobby was settled with a block support disguised with sandstone chunks to mix into the first stone of the Temple. One more significant gathering of 48 parts, which finishes the portrayal of the heavenly flatboat and towboats of the bird of prey headed moon-god Khonsu, was embedded into the foundation of that brace where it joins the wall. A daily existence size sculpture of Ramesses II’s central spouse Sovereign Nefertari, flawless to the knees, was recuperated, cleaned, and safeguarded. Unaccounted for parts of her legs were found, painstakingly got back to the sculpture, and furthermore secured.

The a huge number of sandstone sections recovered from the area of Luxor Temple contain cut and painted subtleties of hieroglyphic texts and Temple ceremonial scenes; once recognized, reported, and merged, many have been joined and reassembled into entire wall scenes, as a component of the Wilson Challenge Old Thebes Drive. Likewise supported by this challenge drive were the patio added to the Karnak Temple by Thutmosis III in 1400 B.C. furthermore, the Funeral home Temple of Amenhotep III in the Theban Necropolis.

The cruise on the Nile started around 2:00 pm. It was slow at first, but then the speed of the cruise increased as it glided on the waters of the River Nile. I had an excellent opportunity to take pictures from the open window of my room. The day was sunny, and its reflection on the blue waters provided a great photo opportunity, which I eagerly seized. I had purchased a large white Egyptian Galabeya, which I wore all day after my afternoon shower.
The Kom Ombo Temple is a double temple located in the town of Aswan. It was constructed during the Ptolemaic Dynasty, from 180 to 47 BC. Situated in the city of Nubi, which means the City of the Gods, the Kom Ombo Temple came into being in the 2nd century BC.

The temple is a double temple and pays homage to Sobek, the crocodile god, and Horus, the falcon-headed God. Sobek is associated with the wicked God Seth, the enemy of Horus. According to the Myth of Horus, the allies of Seth made their escape by changing themselves into crocodiles. Until recently, the Nile waters were infested with these ferocious reptiles, which would attack both man and animal. The temple also houses mummified crocodiles. It is believed that worshipping the crocodiles would prevent them from attacking.

Sobek has magical powers over the waters of the Nile. Sobek’s wife is Renenutet, the goddess of plenty. Sobek is also associated with fertility and was revered for his ferocity and quick movement.

Horus was an Egyptian sky god and a pharaoh of Egypt. He was the only child of Osiris and Isis. He avenged the death of his father and became a Pharaoh of Egypt. During his fight with Seth, Horus loses his eyes, which Hathor later restores. This restoration came to symbolize the process of healing and becoming whole.

Horus was married to Hathor, the goddess of love. The Kom Ombo Temple is full of engravings depicting Horus and Sobek, and ancient stories are carved on the many walls of this fascinating double temple.
Adjacent to the temple is the crocodile museum, which displays mummified crocodiles. Visitors can explore the museum after visiting the Kom Ombo Temple.

Until then, enjoy the pictures of the Kom Ombo Temple and the sunset cruise on the Nile.